Emergency repairs
Simplistic emergency repairs
If it moves when it shouldn't - try gaffer tape or cable ties.
If doesn't move when it should, try chain oil or WD40
The following items are recommended for carrying on a day's ride:
Bike tyre pump, spare tube(s), puncture repair kit with tyre levers, bicycle multi tool.
Know how to fix a flat tyre
Carry spare tubes, puncture repair kit, gas bottles & adaptor (optional) and a pump. Don't just rely on gas bottles as once you use all your gas you have no pump. Plus they are heavy. Make sure you can change a tube, especially the rear wheel, before you go.
FiberFix Spoke replacements
(OK, that is American spelling - we would spell it Fibre Fix).
Ideal for fixing broken spokes on the trail. It is not necessary to remove the cluster if it happens on your rear wheel. A broken spoke put extra pressure on other spokes, causing more to break. I have ridden about 100km with one of these on my rear wheel and I cannot recommend them enough. FiberFix spokes are now a vailable from me for $28 including postage (or 2 for $50) - more details coming March 2017.
See how to fit a FiberFix spoke here:

You can buy them here.
Multi Tool:
See the range of bike tools we stock here:

You can buy them here.
Damaged tyre
I have always carried tyre repair patches to cover splits or holes in tyres ( I use a denim material about 50x 100mm). They are small and light in your toolbox.
This page is the property of Follow My Ride, a website detailing off road cycle tracks near Perth and in Western Australia.
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Split tyre Sep 2013
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Waiting on the SC Hway to buy a tyre
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Flat fixer fixes flat